OBJETIVOS: Este estudo prospectivo, randomizado, aberto e controlado por comparador ativo teve o objetivo de avaliar a eficácia analgésica e tolerabilidade da heparina não-fracionada administrada topicamente no tratamento de queimaduras. MÉTODOS: Cinquenta e oito pacientes do sexo masculino ou feminino foram randomizados para tratamento convencional (C) ou tratamento com heparina tópica (HT). Foram incluídos pacientes com: idade entre 18 e 55 anos, queimaduras de 2º e 3º graus por fogo ou escaldo em 10% a 30% da superfície corpórea (SC), sem história de diáteses hemorrágicas ou hipersensibilidade à heparina e com área queimada em 3º grau menor de 10% da SC. O grupo C realizou periodicamente balneoterapia terapêutica para desbridamento das lesões seguida de curativos com sulfadiazina de prata. O grupo HT realizou o primeiro desbridamento e teve suas áreas queimadas deixadas expostas para receber três vezes ao dia heparina não fracionada em spray na dose de 4200 UI para cada 1% de SC queimada. A eficácia analgésica foi avaliada nos 38 pacientes que completaram o estudo pela demanda de medicamentos analgésicos e pela Escala Analógico Visual de Dor (EAV). A tolerabilidade foi avaliada nos 58 pacientes randomizados pela incidência comparativa de reações adversas nos dois grupos. RESULTADOS: O grupo HT solicitou menos analgésicos (11,83 ± 9,38 por paciente no grupo HT contra 33,35 ± 20,63 no grupo C, p<0,01), referiu menos dor pela EAV, apresentou menos febre e mais sangramento que o grupo C. Não houve diferença na incidência de infecção local, septicemia e nos exames de segurança. CONCLUSÃO: O esquema HT apresentou eficácia analgésica superior ao esquema C sem problemas importantes de tolerabilidade.

OBJECTIVE: This was a prospective, randomized, open-label study controlled by active comparator. The aim was to assess analgesic efficacy and overall tolerability of a burn treatment based on topic administration of unfractionated heparin. METHODS: Fifty eight male or female patients were randomized for conventional treatment (group C) or topical heparin treatment (group TH). Ages of patients enrolled ranged from 18 to 55 years. They had 2nd and 3rd degree burns on 10% to 30% of the body surface (BS) caused by fire or scald, no hemorrhagic diseases, no hypersensitivity to heparin and less than 10% of the BS burned to 3rd degree. The group C had frequent debridement under anesthesia or analgesia and received silver sulfadiazine dressings. The group TH had the first debridement and their wounds left open to receive 4200 IU of unfractionated heparin topically for each 1% of burned BS, three times daily. Efficacy was evaluated from files of the 38 patients who completed the study according to demand of analgesic medications and response to the pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Tolerability was evaluated from the files of all 58 randomized patients by the comparative incidence of adverse reactions. RESULTS: The group TH demanded less analgesic medications (11.83 ± 9.38 per patient against 33.35 ± 20.63 for the C group, p<0.01), reported less pain in the VAS, had less fever and more bleeding than group C. There was no difference in the incidence of local infection, septicemia and safety exams. CONCLUSION: The group TH presented less pain without important tolerability problems.

Sheep overgrazing in grasslands of Tierra del Fuego has determined a decrease of grass cover but an increase in a prostrate shrub of low forage value (murtilla, Empetrum rubrum). We selected soils with different modality of grazing, which determined particular characteristics in soil and vegetation. Abundance and diversity of spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were studied on the four soils and on three of the most frequent grasses (Festuca gracillima, Deschampsia flexuosa y Poa rigidifolia). Spore counts were measured in rizospheric soil, along with nutrient content (P and N) in plants, and percentage of root length colonised and the morphology of colonisation. The most frequent species was Glomus fasciculatum. The soil, the host plant, and the interaction between both variables influenced total spore counts and percentage of root length colonised. Poa rigidifolia showed the highest number of rizospheric spores and the highest percentage of root length colonised. Neither relationship between spore counts and root colonisation nor relationship between root colonisation and P or N plant contents were observed using the whole data (soils and plants). Total spore counts were correlated positively with measures of N, P, Ca, K and pH in soil. Nevertheless, when soils and plants were studied separately, both the relationship between spore counts and percent of root colonised and its direction depended on the soil-host combination.

El sobrepastoreo ovino en pastizales de suelos ácidos de Tierra del Fuego ha determinado una disminución de la cobertura de gramíneas de interés forrajero y un aumento de la cobertura de un arbusto postrado poco apetecible (murtilla, Empetrum rubrum). Se seleccionaron suelos sometidos a distinta modalidad de pastoreo que tenían características y vegetación particulares. Se midió la cantidad total y la diversidad de esporas de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares en los cuatro suelos y en la rizósfera de tres de las gramíneas más frecuentes (Festuca gracillima, Deschampsia flexuosa y Poa rigidifolia) en los pastizales de la estepa fueguina. En el suelo rizosférico se determinó la cantidad y la diversidad de esporas de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares, y en las plantas el contenido de P, N y el porcentaje y morfología de la colonización micorrízica en raíces. Se identificaron las esporas de las tres especies de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares más abundantes. Glomus fasciculatum fue la especie de mayor frecuencia. La cantidad total de esporas y la colonización en raíz dependieron del suelo, de la especie hospedante y de la interacción entre ambas variables. Poa rigidifolia presentó el mayor número total de esporas en su rizósfera y la mayor colonización en raíz. Para todos los suelos y plantas estudiadas no hubo relación entre la cantidad total de esporas y el porcentaje colonizado de la raíz, ni tampoco entre este porcentaje y las concentraciones de N y P en planta. La cantidad total de esporas se correlacionó positivamente con las medidas de N, P, Ca, K y pH del suelo. Sin embargo, al analizar el suelo y las planta de manera separada, tanto la existencia de relación entre la cantidad de esporas y el porcentaje colonizado como la dirección y el sentido de la misma dependieron de la combinación suelohospedante.